CHINESE BAMBOO FLUTES IN COLLABORATION WITH EUROPEAN INSTRUMENTS IN CHAMBER-ENSEMBLE GENRES

Abstract

The process of «fusion» of Chinese bamboo flutes, which have a long history in Chinese musical culture as solo and ensemble instruments, with European instruments began with its active development in the 20th century and has come a long way: from solo compositions (arrangements of folk melodies for longitudinal xiao flutes and transverse dizi and program pieces) accompanied by piano to original duet and ensemble compositions. The equality and expressive capabilities of both instruments present a deep synthesis, exhibiting new expressive capabilities, testifying to the fusion of Chinese and European content in mutual influence and, accordingly, mutual enrichment, corresponding to one of the leading trends of multicultural globalizationglocalization processes of world music – creolization. In parallel, there is a gradual adaptation of European genres in the repertoire for bamboo flutes (variations, poems, rhapsodies, capriccios, sonatas, etc.), and trios, quartets, quintets, and even nonets appear in the chamber-instrumental plane, in which bamboo flutes perform in cooperation with European instruments. During the «period of openness» and at the turn of the 20 th and 21 th centuries, bamboo flutes attracted increasing attention in the work of many Chinese composers, especially representatives of the diaspora, «collaborating» as a solo instrument in many chamberinstrumental and concert genres with chamber or symphony orchestras. In the relevant works of Chen Yi, Lei Liang, Chen Qigang and others a significant renewal of the musical language as a whole is observed, and in the context of experimental compositions, bamboo flutes act as a bright marker of the peculiar national sound face of China and its traditions, and reveal their new timbral-sonorous possibilities in original chamber compositions, including with electronics, concrete music, etc. Thus, they demonstrate their entry into the level of global-glocal synthesis, integrating, becoming one of the intensive representatives of creolization as a new concept, which consists in the interconnections that form national identities not in isolation, but in the process of contacts and interaction with Others, expanding and mutually enriching their boundaries of existence.