PAGES OF THE SOCIO-CULTURAL PAST OF EASTERN GALICIA AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY IN THE JOURNALISM OF MELANIIA NYZHANKIVSKA

Abstract

The aim – is to carry out scientific research on M. Nyzhankivska’s posts, which record the socio-cultural events of Eastern Galicia, to characterize the thematic content of newspaper publications, and to determine their sourcehistorical value.
Research methodology. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific and special art historical methods, in particular source studies and historical and cultural studies. The specified methodological approach allows us to identify and understand a significant number of sources (newspaper and magazine materials from periodicals «Zhyttia i Znannia», «Ridna Shkola», «Zhinka» published in Lviv in the first half of the 20 th century. The analysis of scientific works, which covered the biography and journalistic activity of the Galician cultural and public figure, journalist Melaniia Nyzhankivska, using a historical and cultural approach, helped to determine her place in the socio-cultural space of Galicia at the beginning of the 20 th century.
Novelty. Based on the conducted scientific research, for the first time, an analysis of the journalistic activity of Melania Nyzhankivska during her life in Lviv was carried out. The newspaper articles «Social Care in Our Country and Abroad», «Ukrainian Vocational Schooling», «Children’s Book», and «Children’s Libraries» are characterized, in which acute problems of the cultural and educational life of Eastern Galicia in the first half of the 20 th century have
been analyzed. The outlook orientations of M. Nyzhankivska’s press publications have been traced. It has been revealed that in journalistic materials, she emphasizes the reader's attention to the value of events of a national cultural nature.
Based on the analysis of socio-educational phenomena and facts of the Austro-Hungarian period, which were reflected in the press publications of the journalist, a difficult path of struggle for Ukrainian society was ascertained. It has been proven that the journalistic activity of M. Nyzhankivska is a valuable literary and artistic phenomenon of the beginning of the 20 th century, which influenced the formation of the national, humanistic outlook of Galicians.
The practical significance. The article will be a reasonable basis for researchers on several issues from the historical past of Eastern Galicia of the first half of the 20 th century, namely, the activities of national vocational education, the functioning of the social sphere, the development of children’s book publishing and the establishment of library centers, as well as for cultural scientists and musicologists who study the socio-cultural aspects of the life of
Ukrainians during the period of belonging to the Polish state.