CELTIC RENAISSANCE THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE VICTORIAN ERA

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the role of the Celtic factor in the culture and art of the Victorian period in England, as well as the level of influence of the Celtic Renaissance on the emergence of the English Art Nouveau style.
Research methodology. Materials of research are studied by logical, historical, chronological, problem chronological, and musical analysis method. The practical significance. The research materials can be used in lectures and seminars on the history of world musical culture in secondary and higher educational institution. Results. It has been revealed that the Celtic Renaissance became a romantic reconstruction of the cultural code of ancient Britain. It is emphasized that Celtic ideals were revived thanks to the discoveries of archaeologists and antiquarians, linguists and social anthropologists, the contribution of poets, artists and composers. It is indicated that philosophers, historians and ethnographers often came to erroneous theories, as they were motivated by political and nationalist ideas. Subsequently, the views of researchers on Celtic culture and its role  in the history of Britain were transformed. It has been proven that Celtic ideals in the Victorian period changed the understanding of Irish history, infusing the English mystical with Celtic images. It has been revealed that the Druidic theme becomes the leading one in the works of English writers, poets and composers of the 19th century. The special factor of the Celtic religion is highlighted, where the pagan and Christian components are organically united. It is summarized that the revived «Celtic ornament» paved the way for the Art Nouveau style, ensured ethnic cohesion and restored the cultural identity of both the Celtic-Irish and, in fact, the English.