INNOVATIVE METHODS OF GLASS ART FORMATION USING 3D PRINTING (based on the example of the Glass Art educational program at the Lviv National Academy of Arts)

Abstract

The article aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of innovative methods of form creation using 3D printing technologies and their impact on the development of contemporary artistic practices, with particular reference to their use in the educational process at the Glass Art Department of the Lviv National Academy of Arts.
Research methods. The research methodology included a comparative analysis of traditional and digital shaping technologies, a review of scientific literature and patents, and a study of the practices of art schools, in particular, the Lviv National Academy of Arts, where 3D technologies are actively used in glass casting. In addition, an analysis of art objects created using additive technologies was conducted.
Results. The article explores modern innovative methods of glass art shaping using 3D printing technologies. It traces the transformation of traditional glassmaking techniques in interaction with additive approaches, which allow expanding the possibilities of the creative language of glass. It analyzes the technological processes for making glass art. objects with 3D printers: printing with molten glass, printing with glass powders, and using polymer-template technologies for subsequent casting. Examples of creative practices in which digital methods have become a tool for new aesthetics and morphogenesis are given. The prospects for the introduction of additive technologies into the field of glass art, and their influence on form creation, authorial freedom, and interaction with the material, are determined.
Novelty. The article systematizes, for the first time, three key methods of 3D glass printing: melt printing, powder printing, and polymer template casting. The concept of «digital texture» is proposed as a new artistic feature of morphogenesis resulting from additive layer deposition. The influence of algorithmic modeling and AI technologies on the transformation of the author's method is substantiated. A model of hybrid glass production combining craft and digital processes is defined.
The practical significance. The material can be integrated into educational programs on glass art, digital modeling, 3D technologies, and parametric design; the proposed approaches allow optimizing the production of original glass objects and small-volume products; theoretical recommendations can serve as a basis for the development of high-temperature 3D printers for glass; in the field of artistic practices, the research results expand the range of techniques for shaping and experimental work with the material.