«NEOMIPH» IN THE FIGURATIVE DECOR OF TEMPLE AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR DECOR OF EASTERN HALYCHYNA IN THE EARLY 20 TH CENTURY

Abstract

The aim of the paper is to present a review of figurative images in monumental sculpture and monumental painting of Eastern Halychyna of the early 20 th century.
Research methodology. Using the methods of description, analysis and systematization of found images in the decoration of temple buildings, residential and public buildings of the region, several typological groups of anthropomorphic images were distinguished. They are based on a number of characteristics. These images became the basis for conducting a comparative analysis of traditional mythological groups of characters and the formation of new mythogemas inherent in the outlook and art of the first third of the 20 th century. They are endowed with the characteristics of heroes of various orientations and functional purposes and played an important role in creating a new image of the Human being of the 20 th century on the territory of Eastern Halychyna. First of all, they have a nation-building character and are also a manifestation of the components of well-being, development and progress of the region.
Novelty. Interest in Human beings, thus their figurative and aesthetic reflection can be traced throughout the history of art, but each historical era formed its ideals and heroes-images characteristic only for it. The vector of searches for artistic and form-creating features of human characters and images changes depending on the worldview and philosophical doctrines and policies of the ruling elites of a certain historical period. In the outlined period, anthropocentrism become sone of the main characteristics and the search for the artistic disclosure of the possibilities of Man himself, the clarification of his nature, character and motivations, his roots.
Results. So, after considering the examples of images of historical, cultural and political figures in the monumental painting and sculpture of Eastern Halychyna in the early 20 th century we can note that Ukrainian artists, on a par with Polish and Western European artists, were motivated to develop two basic modern myths, in particular the image of a modern hero,
who is patriotically oriented and educated and appears as a generalized image of the people in the Ukrainian context, as well as a professional hero who personified progress, the movement and emergence of new professions, and accordingly changes in the surrounding world. Taking into account the fact that for a Ukrainian, the church has almost always been the center of spirituality and strength of the nation, a clear identifier of the people, the tradition of depicting the patrons and leaders of the people among the saints and the righteous was revived precisely in church painting.