IMPLEMENTATION OF MONOIDEOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES IN ART CRITICISM IN SOVIET UKRAINE IN THE 1930 S

Abstract

The aim of the article is to reveal the specifics of the implementation of monoideological principles in art criticism in Soviet Ukraine in the 1930 s.
Research methodology. The research uses a historical-chronological approach, analysis and comparison of sources, comparison.
Results. In the early 1930 s, the canons of new Soviet art were actively developed, normative aesthetics were gradually introduced under the guise of a struggle for «realism», and an artificial monostyle – «social realism» – was formed. Art, and accordingly its criticism, became a tool of monistic propaganda. In the mid -1930 s, the principles of pluralism of opinions in art criticism collapsed, the dominance of monoideality and total support of the party leadership was legitimized. From that time on, the art-critical sphere was recognized by party and state bodies in Soviet Ukraine as one of the tools for planting monoideology and rooting socialist realist canons. Critics of the artistic sphere were entrusted with the functions of ideologically savvy guideposts for artists, political and ideological translators of progovernment ideas and party instructions.
The main tasks of art criticism in the USSR became the inculcation of Soviet artistic standards, prevention of manifestations of national identity, support of the fight against Ukrainian bourgeois nationalism, which became one of the key ideas announced during the All-Ukrainian Conference on Music Criticism (Kyiv, 1934).
Novelty. For the first time, the formation of the main postulates of socialist realist artistic criticism in Soviet Ukraine was followed, in particular, the prevention of manifestations of national identity, support for the fight against Ukrainian bourgeois nationalism.
The practical significance. The materials and results of the research can be used for further research on the problems of art criticism and social realism, as well as for deepening the knowledge of students, graduate students, and anyone interested in Ukrainian culture.